Ballista Distributed Compute: One Year Later
July 26, 2020
I have been talking about distributed computing in Rust for a long time now. It is more than two and a half years since my Rust is for Big Data blog post where I first talked about the prototype I was working on at the time (which eventually became DataFusion and is now part of Apache Arrow).
One year ago, over the July 4th weekend, I started again with a new project named “Ballista”. The idea was to build on the foundations provided by Apache Arrow and DataFusion and demonstrate the potential of a distributed compute platform implemented in Rust. I put together a neat little demo and it got a lot of interest but it was just a demo, and the project stagnated for a long time.
However, six months ago, I took a step back and started rebuilding Ballista from scratch starting with a new architecture, based on the following foundational technologies:
- Apache Arrow memory model and compute kernels for efficient processing of data.
- Apache Arrow Flight Protocol for efficient data transfer between processes.
- Google Protocol Buffers for serializing query plans.
- Docker for packaging up executors along with user-defined code.
I am happy to announce that I have finally released a version of Ballista that truly supports distributed queries. I don’t want to oversell the capabilities of the current release. It should be viewed as a proof-of-concept still since it only supports a small number of operators and expressions, but it is sufficient to run something very close to TPCH query 1, as shown in this brief demonstration of a distributed query running against a Ballista cluster deployed to Minikube.
The source code for this demo can be found here.
I’m excited about this release because it means anyone can now easily deploy a Ballista cluster into Kubernetes (or run a local test cluster using docker-compose) and try running some queries against their data. The project is also at a point where it is easier to contribute to, in order to add more functionality, such as additional operators and expressions.
The performance of distributed queries is not yet optimized and that will be one of the main areas to be improved before the full 0.3.0 release is made available in August 2020.
If you would like to try Ballista out, please visit the github repository for more information.
Want to learn more about query engines? Check out my book "How Query Engines Work".